Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) manningi

Classification

Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Crustacea
Class: Malacostraca
Order: Decapoda 
Family: Cambaridae

 

Description

캄바로우스 매닝기의 갑각은 보기에는 짙은 갈색에서 짙은 올리브색이다. 배는 짙은 남빛이고 각 부분의 다리들은 좁은 적색 밴드로 장식되어져 있다. 여러색의 꼬리는 하늘색 밴드를 가지고 있다. across the middle portion, a pale orange rear section and orange to red edges. The chelae (claws) have a distinctive tuft of hair between the "fingers" of each claw. The rostrum is strongly pointed and lacks marginal spines and tubercles (small bumps). The edges of its unique rostrum are bright orange to red in color. The carapace of C. manningi is usually 16-30 mm (0.6-1.2 in) in length.

 

Life Cycle

There have been relatively few life history studies conducted on crayfish. The available life history data for Cambarus manningi is limited to the form or condition of specimens collected during certain times of the year.

First-form (sexually mature) males have been collected during May, September and October. A female carrying young has been collected during May. 이 종의 삶의 순환은 아래 서술된 일반적인 가재의 삶의 기록과 상당히 유사하다고 여겨진다. 한 해에 다른 시간동안 채집된 표본들을 바탕으로, C. manningi 교미는 9월과 5월 사이에 일어난다고 믿어진다. 교미는 성적으로 성숙된 수컷가재가 암컷을 붙잡고 정포낭을 수용적인 암컷의 복부 위에 수정낭에 넣는다.  1년에 교미기간 동안, 암컷은 알을 붙이기 위해 끈적거리는 물질을 복부와 헤엄다리 밑에 분비한다. 알과 정액은(수정낭으로 부터) 끈적거리는 표면으로 위치하고 수정이 일어난다. 배와 다리에 알을 지닌 암컷은 "in berry."라고 불려진다. 배아들은 암컷의 밑부분에서 종과 온도에 따라서 2~20주안에 발달하고 부화한다. The immature hatchlings molt (shed their exoskeleton to allow growth) and remain attached to their mother. These first-stage immature crayfish look fairly similar to typical crayfish, but have disproportionately large heads and eyes. Another molting takes place in about 1-2 weeks. These second-stage immature crayfish look even more like adult crayfish. Second-stage or third-stage immature crayfish leave their mother's surface and become independent. These young crayfish continue molting and growing and are usually sexually mature by their second or third autumn. 많은 성체 가재들은 부화한지 3년안에 죽는다.

 

Natural History

성체 매닝기 가재는 종종 깨끗한 급류가 있는 바위 밑에 숨는다. 이 종은 일렁거리는 보통의 빠른 유속의 급류를 선호하는 것으로 보인다. 황혼에서 새벽까지, 또는 매우 흐린날, 가재는 숨은 곳에서 나타나서 물 속에 먹이를 찾는다. 가재는 보통 가능한 모든 것을 먹는 잡식성의 청소부다. 가재는 수초, 유기집적체, 작은 물고기, 수생 곤충을 먹는다. This food is further cut by a number of specialized mouthparts. The main predators of crayfish are fish, frogs, turtles, wading birds, raccoons and humans. Crayfish usually walk slowly across the bottom of their stream habitat using their last 4 walking legs (periopods). When frightened or in danger, however, they quickly escape by "darting" backwards. Crayfish are sometimes found with extensive scaring on their chelae or missing appendages. This occurs while escaping predators or fighting with other crayfish. Male crayfish are especially aggressive with one another and their claw-to-claw combat can be quite intense.

Range

This species is found in streams in portions of the Coosa River Basin in northwestern Georgia , southeastern Tennessee and northeastern Alabama . Within Georgia , this species is found within Chattooga, Floyd and Whitfield counties.

Conservation Status

C. manningi is listed as rare in Georgia . It has a limited range within the state and is threatened by pollution and habitat destruction.

Similar Species

C. manningi is usually distinguished from other crayfish by the beautiful coloration of its tail and abdomen.

 

http://fishesofgeorgia.uga.edu/gawildlife/index.php?page=speciespages/ai_species_page&key=cmanningi